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In this study, slag (GGBS) was utilized as the primary material, phosphogypsum (PG) as the sulfat activator, and carbide slag (CS) and steel slag (SS) as the alkali activators to prepare carbide slag …
In 1923, a number of concrete structures in the USA were observed to develop severe cracking, with unidentified cause. In 1940, Stanton recognized for the first time alkalis, Na and K, in the paste combined with silica from the aggregate, in a deleterious reaction dubbed 'alkali–silica reaction' (ASR) (see [27, entry 1008]).Since its original …
Alkali-activated cement (AAC) is either clinker-less or free, and it is also environmentally friendly due to its low carbon footprint and wide range sources. …
This study aims to enhance the utilization of clay bricks by maximizing the application of clay brick (CB) powder. The amount of CB was set at 50% and different percentages of steel slag (SS) powder and fly ash (FA) are added. A CB-SS-FA ternary hybrid geopolymer was prepared through alkali activation, and its performance and …
Slag cement improves many of the strength and durability properties of hardened concrete. Slag cement is a hydraulic binder that, like portland cement, reacts with water to form cementitious material (calcium-silicate hydrate or CSH).
Among the minor elements found in metallurgical slags, sulfur and manganese can potentially influence the corrosion process of steel embedded in alkali-activated slag cements, as both are redox-sensitive. Particularly, it is possible that these could significantly influence the corrosion process of the steel. Two types of alkali …
Portland cement as a commonly used material in soil stabilization projects, releases considerable amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere, highlighting the need to use green binders such as ground granulated blast furnace slag as a substitute for cement. On the other side, extensive research is being conducted on accelerated carbonation …
The alkali silica reaction (ASR) is a pathological manifestation of chemical origin and high gravity that can negatively affect the mechanical properties and durability of important concrete structures, even with short time in service. ... the attack of sulfates and corrosion of steel. The effectiveness of slag in the ASR mitigation has been ...
Atmospheric CO₂ rapidly reacts with steel slag rich in Ca/Mg Hydroxide, producing permanent carbonate minerals. Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) is at the core of what Alkali Earth does in directly …
One promising approach is based on aluminosilicate raw materials such as blast furnace slag derived from the iron making process, which can be reacted with an …
Ladle slag is commonly regarded as having limited reaction with alkalis, and in previous studies, it has been therefore mixed with reactive precursors, such as …
The AAS and OPC mortars were prepared using a commercial GGBS and an ASTM C150 Type I OPC. The mixtures of AAS were designed with the same 5 % equivalent sodium oxide (Na 2 O) to slag mass, water-to-slag mass ratio of 0.40, and sand-to-paste mass ratio of 1.5, as shown in Table 1.To explore the effect of activator type on …
Thus, depending on the type of furnace, steel slag can be broadly classified into three categories, i.e., BOF steel slag, EAF steel slag, and LF steel slag [33]. As for steel slag in alkali ...
In the current study, electric arc furnace stainless steel slag (EAFSS) as a potential precursor in the production of alkali activated materials (AAMs) is investigated, …
All the alkali metals react vigorously with cold water. In each reaction, hydrogen gas is given off and the metal hydroxide is produced. The speed and violence of the reaction increases as you go ...
ACR (Alkali-Carbonate Reaction) is a reaction between alkalis in the concrete mortar and the chemical components of carbonate rocks like dolomitic limestones. The reaction causes crystallization and considerable expansion, resulting in substantial damage in a short amount of time.
Slag and fly ash (FA) are mostly used as precursors for the production of alkali-activated materials (AAMs). FA is the waste discharged by power plants, while …
Alkali-activated cement (AAC) is either clinker-less or free, and it is also environmentally friendly due to its low carbon footprint and wide range sources. Industrial wastes, like steel slag and blastfurnace slag, usually have latent hydraulic reactivity, and can be used as precursors of AAC. Both clinkerless and clinker-free AAC were prepared …
This study is focused on alkali-silica reaction (ASR), a chemical process that can cause significant damage to concrete structures. It occurs when alkali hydroxides in the concrete react with ...
provided an alternative definition of an acid in 1932, as an electron-pair acceptor. In this definition, reaction (3) involves the oxygen atom in H 3 O + accepting an electron pair in reaction with a base compound (electron donor). Bronsted and Lowry's definition is what is generally used in chemistry today, but the term " acid" is …
In this study, the effects of the incorporation of various supplementary materials such as fly ash, limestone powder, silica fume, and portland cement as the secondary precursor on the early age reaction, structural buildup, rheology, and microstructure of alkali-activated slag cements (AAC) in the presence of two different …
Song [24] attempts were made to alkali-activate fly ash-steel slag, and it was found that when the substitution rate of steel slag for fly ash was between 20%− 50%, the compressive strength at 28 days decreased significantly with increasing substitution rate. When the substitution rate of steel slag reached 50%, the compressive strength …
The carbonation reaction of steel slag is a process that utilizes CO 2 to react with calcium and magnesium minerals present in the slag, ... These bacteria are alkali-resistant bacteria, playing a catalytic and leading role in the carbonation process [82], [83]. On one hand, they catalyze carbonation reactions by secreting enzymes, and on …
Under the influence of alkali activators, such as hydroxides and sodium silicate, alkali-activated materials were prepared by using industrial wastes such as granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), fly ash (FA), and steel slag (SS), or high-temperature unstable phases rich in silicon-aluminum minerals such as metakaolin and volcanic ash as ...
This paper presents results of detailed investigations about the alkaline activation of ground granulated blast furnace slags whose chemical composition were modified. Sodium hydroxide and potassium silicates were used as alkaline activators. The influence of the CaO/SiO2 ratio, the Al2O3 and TiO2 content of the slag composition on …
Recently, Zhang et al. studied the effect of the w/b ratio on the carbonation of alkali activated slag/fly ash and found that a decrease in the w/b ratio can reduce the formation rate of Ca ...
In this study, the characteristics of the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) expansion of steel slag itself, mortar bars, and concrete specimens using steel slag as aggregate are individually investigated by the …
DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134406 Corpus ID: 266063617; Study on the performance and reaction mechanism of alkali-activated clay brick with steel slag and fly ash @article{Liu2024StudyOT, title={Study on the performance and reaction mechanism of alkali-activated clay brick with steel slag and fly ash}, author={YunXiao Liu and Fan …
Commonly used alkali activation precursors such as blast furnace slag and fly ash will soon become less available due to resource competition, and may cease to be produced in certain regions. This limitation in future supply is a main driving force for the investigation of alternative precursor sources, such as non-blast furnace slags and non …
The alkali silica reaction (ASR) is a pathological manifestation of chemical origin and high gravity that can negatively affect the mechanical properties and durability of important concrete ...